A review on self-compacting concrete incorporating palm oil fuel ash as a cement replacement

Abstract

Palm oil fuel ash (POFA) is a waste materials dumped into an open field of a palm oil industry and thus, caused environmental contamination and health threat problems. The problems can be lessened by making use of POFA as cement replacement materials. A lot of researchers have conducted a research to study the use of POFA as cement replacement in the production of normal and high strength self-compacting concrete (SCC). However, a strong review on the use of POFA to replace part of cement in the production of SCC is yet to be established. In this paper, physical, chemical properties, morphology of POFA, fresh, hardened and durability properties of SCC incorporating POFA were reviewed. The information presented has shown that sufficient data have been obtained from the review of different articles to give confidence in the general behavior of SCC incorporating POFA.