Keberkesanan polisi kelulusan membina bangunan di Kota Padang, Sumatera Barat Indonesia

Abstract

The establishment and implementation of a regulatory system that sets the minimum quality requirements to control land use and building activities so as to provide a safe living environment is vital especially in the rapidly increasing urban population of developing countries. In Kota Padang, Indonesia, land use and building control is carried out through the Building Control Permit (or Izin Mendirikan Bangunan (IMB)). This study evaluates the effectiveness of IMB as a tool to control land use planning and building, and identifies the factor which influences its effectiveness. A survey research approach was used in this study. Data was obtained from building owners both with IMB and without IMB to examine their perceptions of IMB implementation. Interviews with the relevant government officials in order to assess the problems encountered in issuing IMB was also carried out. The study found that the number of buildings with IMB is significantly low (41%) while 59% with IMB do not comply with the minimum requirements. The values of Cramer’s V and Spearman’s correlation coefficient indicate that owners’ income, building function, building location, level of understanding of IMB and capacity of government agency which implement IMB are factors that contribute to the number of IMB application. Factors which influence IMB compliance are knowledge about land use planning, location and building enforcement. The study concludes that the implementation of IMB as land use and building control instrument in Kota Padang currently is not effective. The study suggests the need to improve public awareness and public support for planning and development control by ensuring more active public participation in planning process while the capacity of the government in development control be upgraded.