Life cycle assessment on alternatives concretes and cementitious materials.

Abstract

The utilization of industrial and agricultural waste materials can be an alternative as cementitious material to reduce the carbon dioxide (CO2) emission from cement production and will lower other environmental impact. In recent years, more research has been done using life cycle assessment (LCA) on construction material production to understand the energy usage and its environmental impacts to find the possible low energy usage and green building alternatives. Several LCA studies have been reviewed in this paper that mainly are the concretes and cementitious material. Hence, this study will provide new perspectives of the methodology used in the environmental assessment by researchers in the world that compare to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) LCA standards (ISO 14040:2006 and ISO 14044:2006). Comparing LCA studies to ISO guidelines ensures that all of the important factors in LCA are achieved, and the lack of use of these guidelines will impair the qualities of life cycle interpretation and data assessment.