Malaysia seismic provision design standard approach for bridges

Abstract

A lack of seismic consideration in the practice calculation design of BS 5400 was already known by engineers and specialists, but it is ignored since the authorities thought Malaysia was outside the seismic activity zone. Most bridge engineers in Malaysia have acquired their tertiary education from European nations like the United Kingdom (UK), New Zealand (NZ), and others who adhere to the British Standard 5400 code of conduct. It’s unfortunate that some officials and policy makers seem to have forgotten that Indonesia and the Philippines are only a few miles apart from Malaysia, and both are considered to be seismically active. Using non-linear dynamic analysis (NL-DA), this study proposes to derive a pier structural geometrical shape to be evaluated under the Ranau seismic event (surface wave of the 2015 shallow severe earthquake) through conducting its time history analysis (THA). Indeed, the purpose of this paper is to build up a Malaysian National Annex Standard for bridge seismic design based on Eurocode 8 Part-2 provisions, so that Malaysia can set its own criteria in terms of longitudinal reinforcement ratio and amount of confinement at various degrees of PGA intensity (30%g, 12%g, 9%g, 6%g, and 3%g). The results shows that the structural to withstand seismic loading against Ranau historical event, it needs 3.33% reinforcement ratio with minimum amount of confinement at 12%g intensity level is corresponded to Malaysia seismic hazard zonation map.