Customization designs and biomechanical analysis of transtibial prosthetic leg

Abstract

A prosthesis is a technical mechanism that is designed as a substitution of the function of a missing limb or body part. This device has been effectively used as an essential tool for amputees. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to biomechanically evaluate and optimize the prosthetic's socket to produce a better construct for the improvement of performance. In this project, the methods started with a definition of the construction of the finite element model which is divided into four parts: amputee leg, sockets model. Modelling of the pylon, three-dimensional foot model. The focus was on the design of the socket then moving to the biomechanical study using a finite element method which involved several analyses of the effects of socket designs as well as its material properties, gait conditions. To do that, first and foremost, a three-dimensional prosthetics was designed. The sockets were developed with an estimated uniform thickness of 5 mm. The results of the finite element study showed that the perforated socket configuration had better stability in terms of displacement (0.19 mm) and von Mises stress (1.146 MPa), as compared to the conventional socket VMS (3.22347 MPa), and the displacement (0.19 mm) while open-sided socket von Mises stress (1.182 MPa), displacement (0.22 mm). Lastly, the von Mises stress and displacement analysis is applied on the prosthetic in three different gait conditions and the result of the socket was the VMS on the condition of toe-off (6.14 MPa) and the displacement during the toe-off phase, the results indicated that the model had a maximum displacement of (10.67 mm). In contrast, the lowest value was during the stance phase the von Mises stress (1.13 MPa), and the displacement was (0.21 mm). During heel strike VMS (5.52 MPa) and displacement (0.96 mm).