Optimization of high hydrostatic pressure extraction of bioactive compounds from noni fruits

Abstract

The consumption of noni fruits has been linked to several health benefits, many of which are attributed to scopoletin, alizarin and rutin that are present in the fruits. However, there is no report on optimized high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) extraction of noni fruits. In this study, the effects of ethanol concentration, pressure and time were evaluated individually on the extraction yields of bioactive compounds from noni fruits. The optimum extraction condition was then investigated to maximize the yields using response surface methodology with a Box-Behnken Design. The extraction pressure and ethanol concentration were the most statistically significant variables in obtaining high extraction yields. The optimal HHP extraction condition at the highest desirability (> 0.998) for simultaneous extraction of scopoletin, alizarin and rutin was as follows: pressure 544 MPa, time 15 min and ethanol concentration 65%, which gave the maximum yields of 82.4, 77.2 and 82.2% for scopoletin, alizarin and rutin, respectively. All bioactive compounds showed the positive linear and negative quadratic effects of pressure, the negative linear and negative quadratic effects of ethanol concentration, and the negative interaction effect between pressure and ethanol concentration on extraction yields. This study highlights the applicability of HHP in extracting bioactive compounds from noni fruits, taking advantage of high yield, extraction time saving and reduced solvent volume at room temperature.