Innovation policy and triple helix model in Malaysia context: a literature review

Abstract

In Malaysia, the evolvement of national innovation system (NIS) is strongly influenced by national innovation policy and strategies proposed by government. This has resulted on shifting phenomenon of NIS from triple helix (TH) I to III in the last 68 years. The evolvement of NIS also has positively impacted and strengthen the role of universities, industries and governments in innovation and economy development. However, previous studies have illustrated the challenges faced by helixes especially the local universities in time of NIS shifting from TH I to III. This paper is aiming to revisited triple helix concept and the impact of innovation policymaking to innovation and economy performance. This paper is also to review the roles of universities in embarking on TH practices, as well as to identify the challenges to practice the model in context of Malaysia. The result from comprehensive review will allow researchers to establish a comprehensive understanding and knowledge on Malaysia's NIS timeline in TH adoption.