Role of microalgal biotechnology in environmental sustainability-a mini review

Abstract

Sustainability is a main rule in environmental resource management, and it included operational productivity, minimization of natural effect and socio-economic contemplations; which are all related. Many research projects have been conducted on finding alternative of energy from renewable sources and utilization of waste materials. Based on the previous studies one of the most environmentally friendly and sustainable methods for biofuel sources is using microalgae for the production of lipids and wastewater as its nutrient source. Microalgae are maintainable sources of biomass for fuel, food, and feed likewise as contaminant elimination from wastewater. Light, CO2, and inorganic nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorous are vital for microalgae growth. The aim of this study is thus to introduce an optimum conditions of microalgae cultivation for nutrient removal from wastewater which may impact the bioenergy production like biodiesel production. Utilizing wastewater is a common method to reduce environmental impacts, recycle water and nutrients, and decrease the volume of wastewater being transported and treated. Therefore, developing microalgae production systems would help reduce greenhouse gas emissions by capturing CO2 and producing an alternative for fossil fuels would be valuable and sustainable.