A review on stand-alone photovoltaic-wind energy system with fuel cell: system optimization and energy management strategy

Abstract

This article review system optimization and energy management strategies (EMS) for a standalone photovoltaic and wind energy system integrated with fuel cell. The goal of optimization is to determine the combination of the system components in order to compose a cost-effective system. The EMS is aimed to coordinate the power flow of the system components while satisfying load demand and other constraints. System optimization and EMS are combined such that it is unusual to discuss them individually from a system-level design perspective. Therefore, in this paper, the general optimization formulation framework, the classification and the review of various types of optimization methods are elaborated. Furthermore, the literature on EMS application and research is reviewed. As the core of this review, all system optimization methods and EMS are analyzed and compared by reviewing several cases from the literature. In addition, recommendation for future research as well as the associated challenges are highlighted. It is hoped that this review will serve as a fundamental platform for researchers intending to explore renewable energy system integrated with fuel cell for further improvement.