A review of heterogeneous catalysts for syngas production via dry reforming

Abstract

One of the significant approaches for syngas (hydrogen and carbon monoxide) production is through dry reforming process in which CO2 reacted with hydrocarbons such as methane. Current research focuses on new strategies for preparation of new hybrid catalyst with enhanced activity and highly resistant toward carbon deposition. Noble metal catalysts such as ruthenium has shown to be the most active and stable. However, these noble metals are not preferable for industrial scale considering of their high cost. On the other hand, non-noble metal catalysts such as nickel and cobalt are commonly studied because of their low cost as well as inherent availability. However, they suffer from severe deactivation mainly due to carbon deposition. The key factors to enhance the catalytic activity and suppress carbon deposition were depending on metal/active sites, type of support, metal-support interaction, promoter and preparation method. This review is an attempt to analyze the recent development of dry reforming of hydrocarbons over various heterogeneous catalytic systems. The present review also provides current understanding on the reaction mechanism as well as the future opportunities on dry reforming catalysts.