Pembelajaran berasaskan masalah bagi meningkatkan kemahiran berfikir kritis dan kreatif matematik dikalangan pelajar sekolah menengah atas di Indonesia

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to develop a mathematical learning module and assessment instruments for critical and creative thinking skills in mathematics. Furthermore, they assess effects of learning module towards students’ critical and creative thinking skills in mathematics. Learning module based on Problem Based Learning (PBL) was constructed based on Meyer model. While the instruments of pre-test and post-test assessment of critical and creative thinking skills were constructed based on McIntire and Miller model. Assessment of critical thinking skills in mathematics was developed based on the views of Appelbaum and Facione and include three components: identification and interpretation of information, information analysis, and evaluation of evidence and arguments. The assessment of creative thinking skills in mathematics was developed based on the views of Mann and Sriraman and also include three components: fluency, flexibility and originality. The effectiveness of the module has been tested on 68 students at grade 12 from two schools in Bone district of South Sulawesi. Results of this study show that the levels of critical thinking skills of students in mathematics were satisfactory for the identification and interpretation of information component, but moderate for the analysis of information and the evaluation of evidence and arguments components. The levels of creative thinking skills of students in mathematics were fair for the fluency component but unsatisfactory for the flexibility and originality components. The findings indicate that there was significant increases in all components of critical thinking skills in mathematics before and after using the learning module. As for creative thinking skills in mathematics, significant increases were found for the flexibility and originality components but not for the fluency component. Meanwhile, the findings of qualitative analysis revealed that the module can be used to encourage students to deeply understand mathematics and to develop critical and creative thinking skills in mathematics. Therefore, teachers are encouraged to utilize the module based on PBL approach in developing critical and creative thinking skills in mathematics.