Bioactivity studies of beilschmiedia glabra kosterm (Lauraceae)

Abstract

Plants of the genus Beilschmiedia belonging to Lauraceae family , comprises about 250 species represented in tropical Asia and Africa. Some species of the genus are used in traditional medicine for the treatment of several ailments such as in treating uterine tumors, rheumatism, and pulmonary diseases. The present study aimed to examine the biological activities which are antioxidant, antityrosinase, anti-α-glucosidase, and anti-inflammatory activities of the essential oils and various extracts of Beilschmiedia glabra. The chemical composition of the essential oils of B. glabra were also evaluated. The major components of the leaf oils were ß-eudesmol (15.4%), ß-selinene (12.2 %), and caryophyllene oxide (8.1%), while for the bark oil were ß-eudesmol (19.3 %), ß-selinene (16.9%), and δ-Cadinene (15.8%). The antioxidant activities were done using DPPH, ABTS, ß-carotene/linoleic acid bleaching, and total phenolic content assays. The leaf and bark oil showed highest phenolic content which gave inhibition of 233.4% and 191.0%, respectively. In DPPH and ABTS assays, the EtOAc stem bark extracts showed the highest activity which gave IC50 values of 98.0 ug/ml, and 120.0 ug/ml., In ß-carotene/linoleic acid bleaching, three extracts shows the activity higher than BHT (98 .5%) were Hex stem bark (105.9%), EtOAc leave s (108.3%), and EtOAc stem bark (131.0%) extracts. The anti-tyrosinase activity against mushroom tyrosinase had showed that both oil and all the extracts gave strong inhibition percentage, in the range of 73.0-86.0%. In anti-α-glucosidase activity, the MeOH and EtOAc stem bark extracts shows the highest activity with inhibition percentage 82.0% and 77.5%, respectively. The ant i-inflammatory activity was evaluated by Iipoxygenase assay had showed significant activity by the MeOH stem bark extract which gave inhibition of 83.1%.