Chemical constituents and antibacterial activity of phaleria macrocarpa (scheff.) Boerl

Abstract

Phytochemical studies on the fruits of Phaleria macrocarpa yielded 2,6,4′-trihydroxy-4-methoxy-benzophenone (1) and 6,4′-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-2-O-β-D-glucopyrano- side (2) together with two triterpenoids, 24-methylenecycloartan-3-one (3) and 24-methyl-9,19-cyclo- lanost-25-en-3-ol (4). Investigation on the leaves part led to the isolation of β-sitosterol (5) and stigmasterol (6). All extracts and isolated compounds were tested for their antibacterial activity using disc diffusion method followed by minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) against two Gram-positive bacterial strains, Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29737) and two Gram-negative bacterial strains, Escherichia coli (ATCC 10536) and Pseudomonas putida (ATCC 49128). In general, the result has demonstrated that all extracts and isolated compounds were exhibited weak activity against all tested bacteria with the inhibition zone having diameter between 6.1 – 7.3 mm.This is the first report on the isolation of triterpenoids (3 and 4) from this plant and the antibacterial activity for compounds (1-4).