A preliminary survey of air quality in Makassar City South Sulawesi Indonesia

Abstract

Makassar has a strategic position as it is located in between the south and north in the provinces of South Sulawesi. Thus, the rapid growth of urbanization and industrialization within the area is unavoidable, resulting Makassar to be an area of mixed commercial–residential–industrial along with the problem of air pollution. Hence, it is important to monitor the quality of air in Makassar. This paper presents a preliminary survey of urban air quality in Makassar area based on SO2, CO, NO2, O3, Pb, and TSP (Total Suspended Particle) sampled over ten years period (2001 to 2010), while PM10was monitored for five years (2006 to 2010). The air quality data were obtained from measurements made by the Office of Ministry of Environment Sulawesi, Maluku and Papua and Environment Board of the Province of South Sulawesi as well as Environment agency of Makassar City. The average annual concentrations of SO2, CO, NO2, O3, Pb, TSP and PM10 recorded were 76 μg/m3, 1041 μg/m3, 43.2 μg/m3, 54.5 μg/m3, 0.7 μg/m3, 188 μg/m3, 54.6 μg/m3, respectively. Subsequently, these data are compared to the air quality threshold limits recommended by the Indonesia National Ambient Air Quality Standard (INAAQS) as well as guidelines of the World Health Organization (WHO).