Electronic automatic temperature control of cryopreservation for artificial insemination (PROTOTYPE)

Abstract

The scientist and researchers are facing problems in genetically stabilizing living cells. The living cells can be stabilized by keeping them in cryogenic temperatures. Stabilizing cells at cryogenic temperatures is called cryopreservation, an applied aspect of cryobiology, or the study of life at low temperatures. Advances in cryopreservation technology have led to methods that allow low-temperature maintenance of a variety of cell types. Techniques are available for the preservation of microorganisms, isolated tissue cells, small multi cellular organisms, and even more complex organisms such as embryos. The freezing process involves complex phenomena which, even after decades of research, are not fully understood. The aim of this project to make prototype of a cryopreservation system, so, it can preserve the sperm or any other biological material. For the aim of cryopreservation, a circuit board with a microcontroller, thermocouple controller, and a voltage driver for valve are constructed. Two sensors are used, a K-types thermocouple and Water level detector-brick sensor, which send data to the microcontroller. After the microcontroller receives the data, the data of temperature and level are compared to control the valve. The cryopreservation system is modeled in AutoCAD and the temperature control circuit is programmed in MPLAB. An adjustable plastic box which is non-conductive and resistant to heat is used in the fabricated system. It has a metal box inside to reserve sperm tubes. An electrical solenoid valve is used for supplying necessary liquid. The total cryopreservation is activated by sensing physical value by the sensors which are converted by thermocouple amplifier in understandable form for microcontroller. The data are then processed, compared and the valve is then operated accordingly by the microcontroller. The fabricated system is tested at different temperature conditions and it is found that there is very less error. The system functions very effective and is able to control the temperature of the system to preserve the sperm.