A study on effect of the metallic jewellery the human head and hand on sar and antenna performance at 2.4Ghz and 5.8 GHz

Abstract

Nowadays, we are moving towards the wireless and higher operating frequency for the communication trends. In addition, the wireless trend are always relate to the end-users devices which be used closed to the head, and hand. Furthermore, there is fashion amongs users to wear metallic items such as earrings. Hence, the effects of metallic items, head, and hand on the SAR at 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz and on the antenna performance are investigated in this project. The project results are based on the measurement and simulation using CST microwave Studio. The patch dipole antenna and wire dipole antenna have been used while the metallic items are modeled as ?/2 and ?/4 length straight-pin type earrings. The results have shown that the presence of head, metallic items, and hand affects the antenna performance (radiation pattern, radiation efficiency, and return loss) and SAR values and distribution on the body parts.