State of the art Bioremediation of textile dye in wastewater: A Review

Abstract

Wastewater is a major environmental issue that has arisen as a result of various industrial activities, especially in the textile industry. According to the World Bank, water contamination in the textile industry is caused by dyeing and finishing treatments that are applied to the fabric. The textile industry uses a variety of synthetic dyes and produces vast volumes of brightly colored wastewater as a result of the dyes' absorption. The photosynthetic activity of plants is seriously harmed by this brightly colored textile wastewater. Owing to low light penetration and oxygen intake, it also has an effect on marine life. Due to the presence of component metals and chlorine in synthetic dyes, it may also be lethal to certain types of marine life. As a result, before being discharged, this textile wastewater must be treated. In this article, bioremediation or treatment through biological methods (fungi, algae, bacteria, microalgae) in treating textile dyes wastewater will be discussed. This review article will also explain the process of textile production, a common type of dyes being used in textile as well as the harmful effects of textile dyes effluent towards humans and the environment.