Faktor niat melakukan rasuah dan peranan etika kerja islam di kalangan kakitangan pihak berkuasa tempatan

Abstract

This study seeks to identify the factors influencing corruption intention and the role of Etika Kerja Islam (EKI) among public servants of the Johor Local Authority. It uses the Model of Corrupt Action as the main reference in addition to the theory and model of ethical behaviour proposed by both the Islamic and the Western scholars. Most of past literature studies discuss the work ethics from the Western lens and very few studies observe work ethic from an Islamic perspective. In this regard, this study proposes EKI as the moderating variable in the relationship between the influencing factors and the intention to commit corruption. Civil servants in Johor State Local Authorities are used as the unit of analysis. Data was obtained quantitatively through distribution of questionnaires and qualitatively through expert interviews. Quantitative data were analyzed using Descriptive Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and qualitative data were analyzed by Themes and Patterns Analysis. The result shows that intention to commit corruption was influenced by internal factors and external factors. Internal factors include neglecting religious values and demands, selfish attitudes, luxury lifestyle demands beyond their ability and greed. External factors are the influence of family and colleagues, opportunities, out dated systems and unclear procedures, social factors and modernization factors. The complex relationship between the variables was analyzed by Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using quantitative data. In building a structural model, four measurement models known as internal factor model, external factor model, intention model and EKI model were evaluated before the models were combined to form developed model named as “Model Pencegahan Rasuah”. In the process of proving major hypotheses, SEM analysis and moderator analysis have been used. The results of the hypothesis test found that internal factors had significant influence on the intention to commit corruption, external factors had significant effect on the intention to commit corruption and EKI was a moderating variable on the relationship between Internal Factor and Intention to commit corruption. This developed model contributes in explaining the internal and external factors affecting the intentions to commit corruption and the role of EKI as a moderator through eight values which are taqwa, ihsan, amal saleh, al-Birr, al-Qist, masuliyyah, ma'ruf and itqan.