3D scanner's accuracy in different races of head and face measurement for ergonomic design

Abstract

Introduction: 3D scanning of the head and face has been growing to a vital technique in the field of anthropometrics such as the creation of a sizing chart for medical wearables and motorcycle helmet. This research project targets to identify the optimize setting so that we can obtain better accuracy of head and face scanning for various races. Methods: The review process involved few factors such as brightness, skin colour, glossiness, scanning angle, head and face shape and scanning duration. From the 3 chosen factors, scanner brightness, skin colour, and process layout, we have conducted DOE experiment to identify the significant factors affecting the 3D scanner accuracy. Results: The ANOVA result of experiment imply that Factor A-Scanner Brightness is the most significant factor (p<0.0001) in affecting the 3D scanning result of head circumference and face width. Factor B-Skin Colour is only significant factor affecting face width dimension. Factor C-Process Layout is not significant. Increasing the scanner brightness will further worsen the accuracy of 3D scanner due to increased light exposure to 3D scanner camera. Factor B-Skin Colour only appears to be significant on the face width dimension because some of the landmark stickers are pasted on the grey wig cap. Conclusion: In coherent with the objective discussed, the study of significant factors from scanner brightness to the skin colour has been identified for the 3D scanner accuracy which creates a milestone to contribute to the diagnostic of skin cancer, forensic studies and medical wearable product design.