Greener pretreatment approaches for the valorisation of natural fibre biomass into bioproducts

Abstract

The utilization of lignocellulosic biomass in various applications has a promising potential as advanced technology progresses due to its renowned advantages as cheap and abundant feed-stock. The main drawback in the utilization of this type of biomass is the essential requirement for the pretreatment process. The most common pretreatment process applied is chemical pretreat-ment. However, it is a non-eco-friendly process. Therefore, this review aims to bring into light sev-eral greener pretreatment processes as an alternative approach for the current chemical pretreat-ment. The main processes for each physical and biological pretreatment process are reviewed and highlighted. Additionally, recent advances in the effect of different non-chemical pretreatment approaches for the natural fibres are also critically discussed with a focus on bioproducts conversion.