Crowd evacuation simulation model with soft computing optimization techniques: a systematic literature review

Abstract

Crowd evacuation simulation is an essential element when it comes to planning and preparation in evacuation management. This paper presents the survey based on systematic literature review (SLR) technique that aims to identify the crowd evacuation under microscopic model integrated with soft computing technique from previous works. In the review process, renowned databases were searched to retrieve the primary articles and total 38 studies were thoroughly studied. The researcher has identified the potential optimization factors in simulating crowd evacuation and research gaps based on acquired issues, limitation and challenges in this domain. The results of this SLR will serve as a guideline for the researchers that have same interest to develop better and effective crowd evacuation simulation model. The future direction from this SLR also suggests that there is a potential to hybrid the model with soft-computing optimization focusing on latest nature-inspired algorithms in improving the crowd evacuation model.