Phyco-synthesis of silver nanoparticles mediated from marine algae sargassum myriocystum and its potential biological and environmental applications

Abstract

The present study aims at developing an innovative eco-friendly process in a way to generate safer and more stable silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) with a high purity by means of Sargassum myriocystum aqueous extract. The Ag-NPs formation was preliminary confirmed by UV–Visible spectroscopy analysis based on band of surface plasmon resonance appeared at 420 nm. X-ray diffraction spectrum and Fourier Transform Infrared spectrometer confirmed the crystalline in nature and phyco-molecules involved in the synthesis of Ag-NPs, respectively. The results obtained from the Transmission Electron Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy demonstrated that the synthesized Ag-NPs were well dispersed hexagonal shape with average size of 20 ± 2.2 nm. The Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy results observed a strong band at 3 keV proved the presence of metallic Ag ions in the Ag-NPs. The significant antibacterial activity was showed that Ag-NPs against clinical pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus vulgaris, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, S. epidermidis, and Klebsiella pneumoniae). Larvicidal activity against the mosquitos Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus and anti-biofilm activity was assessed using phyco-molecule coated Ag NPs. Further, anticancer activity results showed that the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) noticed at 73.66 µg/mL using MTT assay against human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cells. In addition, the phyco-synthesized Ag-NPs exhibited potential photocatalytic activity against methylene blue (MB). The maximum percent of MB degradation was observed at 98% within 60 min. Therefore, the present outcomes clearly revealed that the phyco-synthesized Ag-NPs could be used for effective nano-drug for anticancer, prevention of several bacterial strain infections, control the vector borne diseases, as well as to adequately degraded the organic dyes to promising and economical strategy in industries which involve dyeing process.