Paired solutions of the Jeffery-Hamel channel flow utilizing nanoparticles in a kerosene

Abstract

Jeffery-Hamel flow is notable for the applications in the high-current arc in plasma generators, chemical vapour deposition reactors and expanding/contracting regions in industrial machines. The current study is devoted to present the paired solutions of the classical Jeffery-Hamel flow from a source or sink vent within the convergent/divergent channels in a kerosene-based nanofluid which contains copper as the nanoparti-cle. The suitable similarity transformations are applied to obtain the governing boundary layer equations in the form of ordinary differential equations. The MATLAB solver bvp4c function solved the model efficiently and gave all the numerical results as the parameters vary. The existence of paired solutions is noticeable at a certain range of the channel angle. The increment in the nanoparticle volume fractions found to be delaying the flow separations.