Three dimensional finite element modelling and analysis of human knee joint-model verification

Abstract

Modelling a three dimensional (3D) model of a human knee joint by extracting the region of interest accurately is one of the main constraints. Oversimplified bone models from previous studies that could affect the accuracy of analyses have become current concerns. An approach to minimize the issue consisting of several steps were done. This study aim to analyse a more precise human knee joint model using finite element technique. Reconstruction of 3D knee models were done by segmenting Computed Tomography (CT) data of a healthy male. Cancellous and cortical bones were segmented based on the Hounsfield unit (HU). The model of knee consists of femur and tibia bones, cartilages and ligaments. Construction of cartilages were done by extracting and offsetting bone layers. Linear spring elements were used to model four ligaments at the knee joint. In order to verify the models, finite element analyses were carried out. Forces ranging between 100 until 1000 N were axially applied on the proximal femur. The results in this study were in an agreement with previous literature reports with maximum peak VMS of 2.928 MPa and 3.25 MPa respectively at articular cartilages. It can be concluded that the knee models were verified.