Development of carbon dioxide adsorbents from renewable and non-renewable sources: A review

Abstract

High concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere which consistently and gradually increased every year imposed a serious impact especially to the environment such as climate change and global warming. Several methods have been established to mitigate this issue such as through absorption and adsorption technique. Carbon dioxide absorption using amine-based absorbent have been commonly used due to its rapid reaction. However, it has several major drawbacks such as its production of harmful by-product and high-energy demand. Contrary to absorption method, adsorption of carbon dioxide via adsorbents is simpler, environmentally friendly and high-energy efficiency. Availability of several type of adsorbents provides researchers and industries with a broad choice of selection, for example carbon-based adsorbents. In this review, development process of carbon-based adsorbents from renewable and non-renewable sources such as biomass, polysaccharides, microorganisms, coal, petroleum, and synthetic polymers are summarized. Other than that, the physical and chemical properties of the prepared adsorbents which influenced the adsorption of carbon dioxide are also reviewed. This review is expected to stimulate sustainable development of carbon dioxide adsorbent which benefits both environment and industry.