Peri-implant bone biomechanics featuring short implant design

Abstract

This paper presents a study of the effect of short implant features in dental rehabilitation due to the changes of diameter and length of the implant itself. Since computer-aided design (CAD) and finite element methods (FEM) are considered accurate modelling techniques, in consideration of complicated and unique implant design, it has attracted dental researchers to conduct the study through it. FEM allows for a better understanding of stresses and strain along the surfaces of an implant and its surrounding bone. This study aims to investigate the effect of short implant features when it was embedded into the jaw bone with the aid of 3D finite element analysis. The bone is assumed transversely isotropic and still in elastic region which at 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% osseointegration conditions. Bone types II, III and IV were selected with an implant attached and loaded with 100 MPa load. In certain, the short implant results in higher stress distribution along the jaw bone. It showed that less dense bone sustains higher stress. The stress distribution pattern and the value indicated difference between the short and standard implant.