Stratified electromagnetohydrodynamic flow of nanofluid supporting convective role

Abstract

This study numerically examined unsteady double stratified EMHD mixed convection flow of nanofluid via permeable stretching sheet. It also looked at the convective heat and mass boundary conditions as well as the Navier velocity slip. In the thermal field, the effects of radiative heat transfer, heat generation/absorption, viscous dissipation, together with Ohmic heating (both magnetic and electric fields) were considered. The concentration field accounts for the chemical reaction. These show the physical behavior of electromagnetohydrodynamic flow associated with the problem formulation. The characteristics in regard to convective heat and mass, Navier slips conditions, as well as double stratification, were imposed. Such structure arises in energy efficiency and performance, which is achievable without higher pumping power, serves in the extrusion manufacturing process involving the thermal system for efficient devices particularly in polymeric, paper production, and food processing. The governing equations, which are nonlinear partial differential equations, were modelled by ordinary differential equations using suitable transformations. The ODEs were solved numerically, using implicit finite difference method (Keller box method). The physical implications deliberated on the behavior via the velocity, thermal energy, and concentration fields as well as the skin friction coefficient; the Nusselt and Sherwood numbers were scrutinized in relation to several parameters via mathematical model. The analysis shows that thermal and concentration stratifications decrease the distributions adjacent to the sheet surface, indicating decrease in the concentration nanoparticles and reduction in thermal energy. Augmentation occurs with convective heat and mass Biot numbers with the fields. The electric and magnetic parameters exhibit opposite flow behavior to the velocity and temperature. Chemical reaction and viscous dissipation weaken the concentration profile. Numerical results were compared with the published data available in the literature for limiting cases, and good agreement was noticed.