Thermal, structural and magnetic properties of TeO2-MgO-Na2O-Nd2O3 glass system with NiO nanoparticles

Abstract

In this work, we have five samples of NiO Nanoparticles (NPs) embedded in tellurite glass system of composition Neodymium doped tellurite nanostructured glass having a composition of (72.5-x)TeO2-15MgO-10Na2O-2.5Nd2O3-(x)NiO, x = 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 mol% has successfully been completed by melt-quenching procedure. Structure of crystallization is determined using XRD technique verifies amorphous natures of produced glass. Differential thermal stability analyser (DTA-Parkin-Elmer) is utilized to illustrate the thermal stability of a sample at a temperature ranged from 300 to 600 °C. A Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) is used to detect the presence of NiO NPs and High-Resolution Transmission Microscope (HRTEM) is utilizing to measure the d-spacing of the NPs. The structure in glass network is identified by FT-IR and Raman spectrometer. The elemental trace in the glass sample is detected using the energy dispersive of X-ray (EDX) analysis. Meanwhile, magnetization measurements are carried out using Variable sample magnetometer (VSM). The transition temperature, Tg is found at 388 °C, the melting temperature Tm is ranged at 530-540 °C depending on composition while the thermal stability is around 117 °C. The structural and magnetic properties of the glass samples are observed to be delicate to NiO NPs concentration variations. The d-spacing at (111) plane having a size of 0.24 nm proves the presence of NiO NPs. The glass network contains of bending vibrations of Te-O-Te linkages centred at 448 cm−1which is also the stretching band of NiO mode. It is also found that the glass structure is dominated with the existence of TeO3, TeO3+1 and TeO4 tribypiramidal. The glass system reveals paramagnetic behaviour by magnetic hysteresis at room temperature with Hc values were observed to be decreased from 610 ± 30.5 to 139 ± 6.95 (Oe) and ratio of (Mr/Ms) from 0.153 ± 0.008 to 0.071 ± 0.004with the increase of NiO NPs concentration.