Synthesis of Titania nanotubes/polyaniline via rotating bed-plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition for enhanced visible light photodegradation

Abstract

This study employed rotating bed plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition technique to coat a thin polymeric film of polyaniline (PANI) onto titania nanotubes (TNT). The effect of plasma power on the growth of thin film polymer on the photocatalyst surface was investigated. Transmission electron microscope micrographs evidenced the formation of thin polymeric layers on TNT surface. Fourier-transform infrared spectra confirmed the presence of functional groups associated with PANI. The band gap of coated photocatalyst reduced from 3.23 eV to 2.54 eV, implying the photosensitivity of TNT-PANI in visible light range, while photoluminescence spectra showed that PANI coated TNT exhibited lower recombination rates. The photocatalytic performance of the resultant TNT-PANI titania were evaluated under both UV and visible light irradiation using reactive black 5 (RB 5) as the model pollutant. Unlike TNT which could only be activated under UV light, TNT-PANI coated using a plasma power of 50 W exhibited superior photoactivity under both ultraviolet (UV) and visible light irradiation. The incorporation of PANI enhanced UV light photodegradation performance, where reaction rate improved to 0.615 ppm min −1 and three times higher compared to uncoated TNT. The best sample TNT-PANI 50 W exhibited promising photodegradation efficiency of 56.4% within 240 min of visible light irradiation.