CBE2R: clustered-based energy efficient routing protocol for underwater wireless sensor network

Abstract

Routing in undersea environment is one of the challenging research areas due to the nature of acoustic channel and underwater harsh environment. In underwater environment, the major challenges are propagation delay, high bit error rates, limited bandwidth, uncontrolled node mobility, water current, 3D deployment and limited resources. Hence, designing an efficient and communication protocols for underwater environment is a challenging issue. To control the node mobility and prolong the battery power of the nodes, we proposed Clustered-Based Energy Efficient Routing (CBE2R) protocol. CBE2R controls the node mobility and prolongs the battery power of nodes by dividing the water depth into seven numbers of layers from top to seabed. CBE2R prolongs the battery power through powerful static courier nodes which are deployed from sea surface to seabed on different layers. Clustered-based routing mechanism with highest weighted value for data forwarding is based on seabed to bottom layer courier nodes through ordinary nodes. Bottom layer courier nodes collects the information from ordinary nodes and forwards to surface sink nodes by maximum power levels (p1, p2, …., pn-1) through courier nodes which are deployed in different layers. For performance analysis the NS2.30 with AquaSim is used. The simulation results of CBE2R are compared with energy efficient REEP, EMGGR, and DRP. From simulation results it is observed that the performance CBE2R is higher than REEP, EMGGR and DRP.