Persepsi kejiranan terhadap faktor yang mendorong perlakuan jenayah

Abstract

Enhancement of "neighborhood concept" is one of the challenges for local authorities to meet the requirements of the basic concepts that generate sustainable socio-economic development. Elements of the physical environment such as vehicle parking, bus stops and playgrounds is one of the elements that need to be addressed to ensure that the neighborhood community for its role that could affect the safety and security of residents. However, if these facilities are not maintained and are given special attention, it is able to transform into "risky facilities". Its impact would be a factor "generator" and "attractor" for the perpetrators of the crime in the neighborhood and cause fear and anxiety in the community in the neighborhood. The objective of this study was emphasized on identifying elements in the physical environment that can encourage criminal conduct alleged in the neighborhood based on the perspective of the local neighborhood and identify facilities most at risk in the neighborhood. A numbers of 100 of questionnaires have been distributed around the area for the purpose of gathering data on neighborhood community perspective to every physical and management factors that can affect the physical environment in the neighborhood. Data obtained from some respondents who were in the neighborhood of some groups such as Taman Universiti, Skudai, Taman Teratai and Taman Pulai Utama. Results obtained data based on 11 factors that include two key elements of the physical elements and element management. These 11 factors are as roads, sidewalks, signage, lighting, building and facility conditions, building design, maintenance, janitorial, regulation or policy enforcement, security controls, and communication with management. Descriptive analysis of frequency, mean and criticality index were used to describe elements that encourage criminal behavior. Through this analysis, the lighting became the main focus of the respondents and is considered a key element in encouraging crime in neighborhoods other than the signs. Lot parking facilities are most at risk in the neighborhood because of the breadth and difficult to manage. Overall, the factors affecting the management of the physical facility is actually the key elements that make the physical environment is safe and sustainable.