Multivariate analysis of perfume quality based on fragrance based note properties

Abstract

Perfumes are available in wide variety of types and qualities. The true quality of fragrance is determined by concentration, characteristic and the complexity of the scent. The characteristic of fragrance refers to main features of the scent. These can be divided into three basic groups or also known as perfume pyramid which consists of top note, middle note and base note. The higher the percentage of fragrance base note, the longer the fragrance lasts. Therefore, correct identification of fragrance base note is important to perfume quality determination. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) in conjunction with chemometric technique has been applied to determine the perfume quality based on fragrance base note properties. There are 20 samples of perfume products with different brands and concentrations were evaporated in three different interval times which are 50, 60 and 70 minutes to identify the peaks of fragrance base note. Total ion chromatograms for each sample were subjected to chemometric technique (PCA and cluster analysis).This study showed that, chemometric techniques able to classify the perfume samples into three main group namely “good” quality of perfume, “moderate” quality of perfume and “poor” quality of perfume using principal component analysis. Meanwhile, cluster analysis provided four clusters which show similar groups in score plot that generated from principal component analysis.