The cytotoxic effect of typhonium flagelliforme and clinacanthus nutans on breast cancer cell line

Abstract

Cancer is a disease that can cause death and breast cancer is one of its prevalence diseases among women in Asia. Conventional treatments have been used to treat cancer, however, these treatments has been given inefficiency effects and low survival rate. Therefore, most cancer patients began to discover complementary and alternative treatments to treat this disease. Thus, this study is important to identify the cytotoxicity effect of methanolic leaves extract Typhonium flagelliforme and Clinacanthus nutans on breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231). MTT assay was used to determine the cytotoxicity effect of both plants on MDA-MB-231 cells and Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) as the non-cancerous control cells. Results revealed that, T. flagelliforme extract was shown higher cytotoxic effect on MDA-MB-231cell (IC50: 110 µg/mL) when compared to C.nutans extract (IC50: 170 µg/mL). Then, the IC50 value of T. flagelliforme and C. nutans extracts against CHO cells were showed 100 µg/mL and 240 µg/mL respectively. Based on these IC50 values, T. flagelliforme extract was found higher toxicity effect on CHO cells than MDA-MB-231 cells. Thus, in the future CHO cell can be replaced with the normal breast cell such as HCC1395 (epithelial mammary duct of normal breast cells) to investigate the toxicity effect of T. flagelliforme extract towards the normal breast cell. Moreover, identification of compound that gives inhibition towards MDA-MB-231 cell and normal breast cell is also important for future research.