Contribution of human factors to shipping safety

Abstract

This paper empirically determines "Contribution of Human Factors to Shipping Safety". Human factors can be classified into three categories. They are organizational factor, group factor, and individual factor Based on its classification, a questionnaire was made. A questionnaire was tested to 30 respondents who are working at a shipping company (PT. Baruna Jaya) to determine its validity and reliability by using Ms.Excel program. After the test is done, results show that 17 organizational factor statements, 11 group factor statements, 12 individual factor statements, and 10 shipping safety statements are valid with a reliability value for each variables are 0860, 0.767, 0721, and 0.8. By using its valid statements, questionnaires distributed to 86 respondents who are working as passenger ship's crew at two shipping companies (PT Baruna Jaya and PT. Lestari IndomaBahari). After obtaining data, analysis requirements test (normality, homogeneity, linearity and independence test between independent variables) needs to be done to determine the statistical method to be used. Correlation and regression method by using SPSS program was used to determine the contribution of human factors to shipping safety, either carried out independently between an independent variable to dependent variable, or together between three independent variables to the dependent variable. Analyzed data was found that there are 28.8% contribution of human factors to shipping safety with correlation coefficient is 0.488. This lower contribution of human factors to the shipping safety is one of the causes of ship accidents frequently happen in the case study area. During the last two years there were 22 cases of ship accidents. With respect to that all parties which involve in shipping include shipping companies, the ship's owners, government, regulatory authorities, classification society and other parties should take a serious concern about safety in shipping by improving on all aspects of human factors