Chemical composition of Piper stylosum Miq. and Piper ribesioides Wall. essential oils, and their antioxidant, antimicrobial and tyrosinase inhibition activities | Composición química de los aceites esenciales de Piper stylosum Miq. y Piper ribosoides Wall. y sus actividades antioxidantes, antimicrobiana y de inhibición de la tirosinasa

Abstract

Chemical compositions of P. stylosum and P. ribesioides essential oils, and their antioxidant, antimicrobial and tyrosinase inhibition activities were determined. GC and GC–MS analysis of essential oils from leaves and stems of P. stylosum resulted in the identification of 50 (89.2%) and 45 (88.8%) components, respectively. The major components were aromadendrene (leaves 26.6%; stems 18.8%), sabinene (leaves 13.8%; stems 6.7%) and β-caryophyllene (leaves 11.5%; stems 17.9%). A total of 60 (87.0%) and 39 (82.9%) components were identified from leaves and stems of P. ribesioides, respectively. The most abundant components were β-caryophyllene (leaves 20.0%; stems 14.4%), camphene (leaves 16.3%; stems 12.3%) and δ-cadinene (leaves 4.4%; stems 7.8%). Antioxidant activity using DPPH and total phenolic content were tested for essential oils. However, the essential oils showed low antioxidant activity and phenolic content, compared to BHT. Studies of tyrosinase inhibition showed that the essential oils of P. ribesioides leaves had the highest inhibition (30.0%), although were lower than the control (kojic acid 81.8%). The evaluation of antimicrobial activities revealed that P. ribesioides essential oils showed strong activity against Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus, both with MIC value 62.5 μg/mL