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Backscattered electron imaging at low emerging angles: a physical approach to contrast in LVSEM

Cazaux, Jacques and Kuwano, Noriyuki and Sato, Kaoru (2013) Backscattered electron imaging at low emerging angles: a physical approach to contrast in LVSEM. Ultramicroscopy, 135 . pp. 43-49. ISSN 0304-3991

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultramic.2013.06.002

Abstract

Due to the influence of refraction effects on the escape probability of the Back-Scattered Electrons (BSE), an expression of the fraction of these BSE is given as a function of the beam energy, E°, and emission angle (with respect to the normal) α. It has been shown that these effects are very sensitive to a local change of the work function in particular for low emerging angles. This sensitivity suggests a new type of contrast in Low Voltage Scanning Electron Microscopy (LVSEM for E°<2. keV): the work function contrast. Involving the change of φ with crystalline orientation, this possibility is supported by a new interpretation of a few published images. Some other correlated contrasts are also suggested. These are topographical contrasts or contrasts due to subsurface particles and cracks. Practical considerations of the detection system and its optimization are indicated.

Item Type:Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:backscattered electrons, low voltage scanning electron microscopy, surface properties, work function effects
Subjects:T Technology > T Technology (General)
Divisions:Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology
ID Code:50456
Deposited By: Siti Nor Hashidah Zakaria
Deposited On:02 Dec 2015 02:09
Last Modified:30 Nov 2018 06:55

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