A novel reconfigurable quadratic antenna for wimax and 4G systems

Abstract

A reconfigurable beam shaping of quadratic-aperture coupled antenna array is introduced. The 16 rectangular patches microstrip antenna is fed by an aperture coupled structure, which incorporates PIN diode switches that are integrated with the feed line. The activation of certain PIN diode switches configuration enables the variety outcomes of the radiation patterns with different beamwidth and gain. It is found that the beam shaping ability is greatly influenced by the quadratic aperture slots, which have strengthened the level of coupling from the feed line to the radiating patches. Furthermore, the novel quadratic slots, which behave as an inductive equivalent circuit, has the ability to absorb the reflected electrical field between the substrates. The proposed antenna can be constructed to work at two different frequencies concurrently which are 2.3 and 2.5 GHz, at each shaped beam pattern. This novel antenna is competent of shaping its radiated beam up to four different gains; 2.81, 4.98, 7.78, and 11.34 dB with 81.76% efficiency. Hence, the proposed antenna has the greatest gain of 11.34 dB and also proficient to generate the widest beamwidth covering radiated forward beam of 90 compared with conventional microstrip antenna which could only cover from 50. These results extend the validity of the analysis and will be highly potential for application of WIMAX at 2.3 and 2.5 GHz’s 4G in the future.