The implementation of biological tunnel routing protocol (BIOTROP) in tunnel wireless sensor network (TWSN)

Abstract

A sensor network is composed of a large number of sensor nodes that has expanded tremendously. The sensor nodes can be deployed in any possible applications such as environmental monitoring, industrial sensing and diagnostic, infrastructure protection, battlefield awareness and context-aware computing. In Wireless Underground Sensor Network, the sensor nodes can deploy in two conditions whether buried completely in soil or located in underground confined area like Tunnel Wireless Sensor Network. Due to difference in the implementation of experimental site, the development of a reliable communication can be an important consideration for this project. Therefore, the best routing protocol for tunnel environment named as Biological Tunnel Routing Protocol (BIOTROP) using TelosB sensor nodes is proposed. There are six sensor nodes which were deployed really in a tunnel model at a predetermined distance. The developing process of routing protocol will not neglect the basic limitation of sensor nodes like scalability of network and power transmission. This project implements the forwarding progress that is based on Packet Reception Rate (PRR), Link Quality Indicator and remaining power battery. In minimising the clarification process of network’s path, the BIOTROP upgrade the capability of routing protocol in tunnel environment. Three challenging conditions were setup in experimental process such as low power transmission, all nodes appear as source node concurrently and faster transmission rate. The results have shown more than 70 percent of the transmitted data packets were successfully delivered at the base station. It is also can be implemented practically in tunnel when PRR increases more than 20 percent compared to in a free space condition.