Geographical information system for biodiversity aplication

Abstract

Over the last couple of years, there has been phenomenal growth in the area of bio-diversity studies, largely motivated by the economic and humanitarian potential that underlines the understanding of biodiversity dynamics. New area has been arisen which is called Bio-prospecting, which focus is solely on shifting through biodiversity data to locate potentially profitable biological sources. The major difficulty faced by biodiversity scientist, is the effective management and the access of large amounts and varied types of data arise in their studies, ranging from micro-level biological information (genetic makeup of organism and plants) to macro-level information (including ecological and habitat characteristics of species). Biological diversity plays an important role in human lives. The interaction of species within highly diverse ecosystems performs ecological functions that are extremely important to many human activities. Ecosystems function to maintain hydrological cycles, regulate climate and recycle essential nutrients in the soil to maintain its fertility.