Population growth, biofuel production and food security

Abstract

This study investigates the relationship between population growth and food security, considering the role of biofuel production in 57 developing countries using a panel data approach. By employing the generalized method of moments (GMM) estimator, the analysis reveals that the interaction between population growth and biofuel production has a significant and negative impact on food security. Specifically, the findings suggest that as the population increases, the adverse effects of biofuel production on food security intensify. Furthermore, the study explores this relationship across the four key dimensions of food security: availability, accessibility, utilization, and stability. In each dimension, the negative interaction remains consistent, indicating that population growth exacerbates the detrimental impact of biofuel on food security in all aspects. These findings emphasize the importance of addressing the competing demands of biofuel production and food security, particularly in the context of population expansion. Policymakers must consider these dynamics when formulating strategies to mitigate food insecurity in developing countries.