A review of liquid fuel flameless combustion with various flow configurations.

Abstract

Flameless combustion offers more promising results than conventional combustion, such as reduced NOx emissions with enhanced thermal efficiencies. Flameless combustion of various gaseous fuels and furnace configurations have been thoroughly investigated. However, the burning of liquid fuel flameless combustion is still scarce and not fully explored due to its complex processes such as atomization, evaporation, and mixture formation before combustion takes place. Despite the efforts and recent developments in this area, it is still essential to perform extensive studies on liquid fuel flameless combustion using various liquid fuels and flow configurations to improve the versatility of using liquid fuel as a source of energy. Several preliminary studies have reported numerous promising results of using liquid fuel in small and complex designs. However, research in this area is still in the early stages, and thorough investigations are required, especially in simple and large burners to mimic industrial burners. This review paper aims to provide key findings from the latest development in liquid fuel flameless combustion with a thorough explanation of the combustion characteristics. The end of this article highlights some possible contributions and research gaps.