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Desalination technologies, membrane distillation, and electrospinning, an overview

Abid, Monis and Abdul Wahab, Roswanira and Mohamed Abdel Salam, Mohamed Abdel Salam and Gzara, Lassaad and Ahmed Moujdin, Iqbal (2023) Desalination technologies, membrane distillation, and electrospinning, an overview. Heliyon, 9 (2). pp. 1-25. ISSN 2405-8440

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e12810

Abstract

Water is a critical component for humans to survive, especially in arid lands or areas where fresh water is scarce. Hence, desalination is an excellent way to effectuate the increasing water demand. Membrane distillation (MD) technology entails a membrane-based non-isothermal prominent process used in various applications, for instance, water treatment and desalination. It is operable at low temperature and pressure, from which the heat demand for the process can be sustainably sourced from renewable solar energy and waste heat. In MD, the water vapors are gone through the membrane's pores and condense at permeate side, rejecting dissolved salts and non-volatile substances. However, the efficacy of water and biofouling are the main challenges for MD due to the lack of appropriate and versatile membrane. Numerous researchers have explored different membrane composites to overcome the above-said issue, and attempt to develop efficient, elegant, and biofouling-resistant novel membranes for MD. This review article addresses the 21st-century water crises, desalination technologies, principles of MD, the different properties of membrane composites alongside compositions and modules of membranes. The desired membrane characteristics, MD configurations, role of electrospinning in MD, characteristics and modifications of membranes used for MD are also highlighted in this review.

Item Type:Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:Biofouling, Desalination, Electrospinning, Membrane, Membrane distillation
Subjects:Q Science > QD Chemistry
Divisions:Science
ID Code:107223
Deposited By: Widya Wahid
Deposited On:28 Aug 2024 07:02
Last Modified:28 Aug 2024 07:02

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