Applications and future outlooks of hollow nanomaterials for wastewater treatment

Abstract

Hollow nanomaterials, which emerged from nanotechnology, earned a lot of interest due to their unique morphology and extensive surface area. This technology has been widely utilized in water treatment branches such as photocatalysis, membrane technology, and the sorption process. There are several types of hollow nanomaterials, all of which have the potential to treat contaminated water, including pollutants, namely heavy metals and organic compounds. Here, we provide a review of the benefits and downsides of hollow nanomaterials advancement as well as new progress in those fields. The challenges of using hollow nanomaterials, as well as their prospects, are also discussed.