Polyurethane: green chemistry synthesis, application and biodegradability - a review

Abstract

Polyurethane (PU) is a type of material that links polymer diols and the isocyanate group. PUs can be functionalized to desired properties by introducing appropriate isocyanates and polyols. PUs can also be made biodegradable by incorporating plant-based polyols. The overview of isocyanates and polyols used in PUs is discussed in this paper. Typically, the synthesis of PUs is through conventional methods. However, the conventional method is both time and energy consuming hence a less time-consuming method which is known as microwave-assisted synthesis is discussed in this review. On the other hand, PUs has been used extensively in various applications such as coatings, automotive parts, biomedical field, and many more hence it will lead to pollution. Thus, the degradability of polymers is also discussed. This review provides insights into the microwave-assisted synthesis of polyurethane and various applications of PUs.